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Compare Christmas Island (2001) - New Caledonia (2001)
Compare Christmas Island (2001) z New Caledonia (2001)
| Christmas Island (2001) | New Caledonia (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
0-14 years:
30.31% (male 31,674; female 30,416) 15-64 years: 63.95% (male 66,014; female 65,006) 65 years and over: 5.74% (male 5,548; female 6,205) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | NA | vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products |
| Airports | 1 (2000 est.) | 29 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total:
6 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total:
23 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 11 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total:
135 sq km land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
19,060 sq km land: 18,575 sq km water: 485 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than New Jersey |
| Background | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. The phosphate mine, closed in 1987, was reopened four years later, but the need for an alternative industry has spurred investment in tourism. Old mining areas are being restored, and almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. | Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s seems to have dissipated. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population | 20.37 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
revenues:
$861.3 million expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.) |
| Capital | The Settlement | Noumea |
| Climate | tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid |
| Coastline | 138.9 km | 2,254 km |
| Constitution | Christmas Island Act of 1958 | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Territory of Christmas Island conventional short form: Christmas Island |
conventional long form:
Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population | 5.62 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $79 million (1998 est.) |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories | overseas territory of France since 1956 |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France) |
| Disputes - international | none | Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $880 million annual subsidy from France |
| Economy - overview | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened by union workers. With the support of the government, Australian-based Casinos Austria International Ltd. built a $34 million casino on Christmas Island, which opened in 1993. As of yearend 1999, gaming facilities at the casino were temporarily closed but were expected to reopen in early 2000. Another economic prospect is the possible location of a space-launching site on the island. | New Caledonia has more than 20% of the world's known nickel resources. In recent years, the economy has suffered because of depressed international demand for nickel, the principal source of export earnings. Only a negligible amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, the substantial financial support from France and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. The situation in 1998 was clouded by the spillover of financial problems in East Asia and by lower prices for nickel. Nickel prices jumped in 1999-2000, and large additions were made to capacity. French Government interests in the New Caledonian nickel industry are being transferred to local ownership. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 1.414 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 1.52 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
fossil fuel:
78.95% hydro: 21.05% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 61%, Malay 25%, European 11%, other 3%, no indigenous population | Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3% |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.7995 (January 2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997), 1.2773 (1996) | Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 127.11 (January 2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998), 106.11 (1997), 93.00 (1996); note - linked at the rate of 119.25 XPF to the euro |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
chief of state:
President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Thierry LATASTE (since 19 July 1999) head of government: President of the Government Jean LEQUES (since 28 May 1999) cabinet: Consultative Committee elections: French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress |
| Exports | $NA | $411 million (f.o.b., 1999) |
| Exports - commodities | phosphate | ferronickels, nickel ore, fish |
| Exports - partners | Australia, NZ | Japan 27%, France 17%, Taiwan 12%, South Korea 9% (1999) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | calendar year |
| Flag description | the flag of Australia is used | the flag of France is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $3 billion (1998 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture:
4% industry: 30% services: 66% (1997 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $15,000 (1998 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | 3.5% (1998 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 10 30 S, 105 40 E | 21 30 S, 165 30 E |
| Geography - note | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean | - |
| Heliports | - | 6 (2000 est.) |
| Highways | total:
140 km (not including 100 km that is maintained by private industry) paved: 30 km unpaved: 110 km (1999) |
total:
4,825 km paved: 2,287 km unpaved: 2,538 km (1999) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $NA | $843 million (f.o.b., 1999) |
| Imports - commodities | consumer goods | transport equipment, machinery and electrical equipment, fuels, minerals, wine, sugar, rice |
| Imports - partners | principally Australia | France 49%, Australia 14%, Singapore 6%, New Zealand 5%, US 5% (1999) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | -0.6% (1996) |
| Industries | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) | nickel mining and smelting |
| Infant mortality rate | NA deaths/1,000 live births | 8.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | 1.5% (1998 est.) |
| International organization participation | none | ESCAP (associate), FZ, ICFTU, SPC, WFTU, WMO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 160 sq km (1991) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court |
| Labor force | NA | 79,395 (including 15, 018 unemployed, 1996) |
| Labor force - by occupation | tourism 400 people, mining 100 people (1995) | agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
NA% permanent crops: NA% permanent pastures: NA% forests and woodland: NA% other: NA% note: mainly tropical rainforest of which 60%-70% is in a national park |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 12% forests and woodland: 39% other: 49% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | English, Chinese, Malay | French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects |
| Legal system | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law | the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve one-year terms)
elections: last held NA December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2001) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 |
unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 9 May 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPCR 24, FLNKS 12, UNI 6, FCCI 4, FN 4, Alliance pour la Caledonie 3, LKS 1 note: New Caledonia elects 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held 27 September 1992 (next to be held NA September 2001); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 1; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 25 May-1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 2 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
NA years male: NA years female: NA years |
total population:
73.02 years male: 70.08 years female: 76.11 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 91% male: 92% female: 90% (1976 est.) |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia | Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone:
12 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM |
exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT ships by type: cargo 1 (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | defense is the responsibility of France |
| Military branches | - | French Armed Forces (Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $192.3 million (1996) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 5.3% (1996) |
| National holiday | NA | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | noun:
Christmas Islander(s) adjective: Christmas Island |
noun:
New Caledonian(s) adjective: New Caledonian |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | cyclones, most frequent from November to March |
| Natural resources | phosphate | nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none | Alliance pour la Caledonie [Didier LEROUX]; Developper Ensemble pour Construire l'Avenir or DEPCA [Robert FROUIN]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Leopald SOREDIE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Groupe de l'Alliance Multiraciale or GAM [Dany DALMAYRAE]; Independance et Progres [Alphonse PUJAPUJANE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [Rock WAMYTAN] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); La Caledonie Autrement [Denis MILLIARD]; Loyalty Islands Development Front or FDIL [Cono HAMU]; National Front or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Charles WASHETINE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic or RPCR [Jacques LAFLEUR]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [leader NA]; Renouveau [Thierry VALET]; Socialist Kanak Liberation or LKS [Nidoish NAISSELINE]; Union Caledonienne or UC [Bernard LEPEU]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Andre GOPEA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 2,771 (July 2001 est.) | 204,863 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 7.77% (2001 est.) | 1.48% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Flying Fish Cove | Mueo, Noumea, Thio |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 1,000 (1997) | 107,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 24 km to serve phosphate mines | 0 km |
| Religions | Buddhist 55%, Christian 15%, Muslim 10%, other 20% (1991) | Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service |
general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 47,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (1999) | 13,040 (1998) |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau | coastal plains with interior mountains |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman | 2.48 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 19% (1996) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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